Spatial distribution of Vanilla bahiana (Orchidaceae) in two restinga phytophysiognomies. Does the spatial pattern vary?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2021.v40.001Keywords:
Brazil, conservation, ecology, microdistribution, orchids, vanillaAbstract
Vanilla bahiana is an orchid restricted to Brazil, extremely ornamental, threatened with extinction and with economic potential. We evaluated the spatial distribution pattern of V. bahiana in shrub and restinga forest formations in a conservation unit in Northeast Brazil. The Morisita’s index of dispersion, the Morisita’s standardized index of dispersion and the TTLQV method were used, and 1920 m2 were sampled, through the demarcation of six transects of 40 × 4 m per phytophysionomy. Each transect was subdivided into 10 plots of 4 × 4 m. In the shrub formation, we observed 49 individuals of V. bahiana and a greater abundance at the edges of the transects (plots 1 and 2). In the restinga forest, we recognized 47 individuals of V. bahiana and a distribution more homogeneous way along the transects. We found an aggregate pattern for the species in the shrub formation and a random pattern in the restinga forest. The different patterns could be explained by differences in luminosity, but they could also be associated with the dispersal of seeds or the presence of fungi of different species. Future studies with spatial distribution in Orchidaceae should be multidisciplinary in order to investigate the main causes of the patterns on local scales. Specifically, understanding the relationships between Vanilla species and mycorrhizal fungi may have positive impacts on the cultivation and commercialization of vanilla.
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